Its All Connected

1. We can see that the direction of the currents in the ocean. We know that the wind influences the direction of the surface because the ocean has many different currents and wind flows causing the direction of the surface currents.
2. I see that the global mainly flow into the equator or into eachother they never really go outward.
3. I think that the currents flowing toward the equator  are generally cooler because of the tropics and the weather change.

Which way the winds blow

 Explain what causes Earth's uneven heating, and contrast angled light rays with direct light rays. Reference a model that helps clarify this concept. Write an opinion statement about what you learned from the "Global Wind Patterns" activity.  Minimum three to five sentences. 
Earth uneven heating is caused from many different reasons. One reason is because of the earths shape. There is no way that we can have even heat.  The angle of the suns rays makes it so that the sun heats different parts of the earth at differnt times. We used a flash light and a piece of paper to show that when we hold the flash ray straight at the paper there is much more sun. When we angle it it showed how the sun is more spread out.


Explain how and why the Earth's rotation affects the movement of air and water masses. Describe a model that helps people understand this. Define the coriolis effect and the Hadley cells. Explain why most deserts are found at 30 degrees N or S latitude. Minimum four to six sentences.
Hadly cells and corolis cells are what divide the trophsphere. They help with the air circulations. Most deserts are found 30 degress N or S because of the winds. 

Loggerhead Island Project

This project was a fun one in my opinion. I thought at times that it was a bit challenging at times but it was cool to see how it was to make our own island. We had to protect the wild life that lived on the island while trying to build; a restaurant, golf course, club house, boat dock, research center, police/ fire department, 100 villas, 30 residential homes and more.

1. What special considerations did you have to make for the nesting sea turtle sites located on the barrier island? We knew that the sea turtles needed to be protected from any structures and buildings that were being built near it.

2. What special considerations had to be made when determining a good site for the proposed fishing pier? We knew that we couldn't put the pier near any of the the habitats because we didnt want to kill any of it.

3. What could be some of the potential problems that might arise from the proposed golf course? Propose some of the ways in which the impacts can be reduced. We made our golf course a little too big, it took over some of the land that was suppose to be for the turtles and the mangroves.

4. What are the economic benefits to the community of Loggerhead County if the development was done with the least amount of environmental impact? The economic benefits if the development was done with least amount of environmental impacts was that we would have more of an ecosystem and it would be a better place to live.

5. Describe three ways in which humans negatively impact coastal ecosystems such as the one you are working on with Loggerhead Barrier Island.Humans are building on wildlife all the time. We take out the nature to put in buildings and housing when it is not even needed. We are killing animals and taking their homes from them.

6. How can maintaining natural vegetation help us to reduce the damage caused by oceanic events such as hurricanes, tsunami and continued beach erosion? Natural vegetation helps to reduce the damage because it is all natural things. Our natural resources are the best things that we can live with and use.

7. After listening to the other groups make their presentations, were there any ideas they had you would have used if you had though about it before-hand? You should list at least three different ideas and indicate why their idea is actually better for the environment than yours. I think that some of the other groups had alot of good ideas. I think from listening to other groups we learned that we should have made our blue print alot more smaller than it was. We also could have protected our habitats more.

Coastal Classification

Hypothesis: The differences between secondary and primary locations.

Coastal Locations to be Researched and Classified using the Shepard Coastal Classification System:

A. Arcadia National Park, Maine- Primary because of its glaciers.
B. Cape Cod, Massachusetts- Primary because of the glaciers
C. Chesapeake Bay, Virginia- Primary because of glacier erosion
D. Atlantic City, New Jersey- Secondary because of coastal erosion
E. Mississippi Delta, Mississippi- Primary because of barrier islands
F. Kilauea Coast, Hawaii- Secondary because of the coastal plains
G. San Francisco Bay, California- Secondary because of the coastal plains
H. North Carolina Outer Banks- Primary because of non-marine processes
I. Indiana River Lagoon, Florida- Secondary because of mangrove coast
J. Puget Sound, Washington- Secondary because of the fault lines
K. South Florida/ Florida Keys- Primary because of compensation
L. Strait of Juan DeFuca, Washington- Primary because of the shore lines
M. Cape Canaveral, Florida- Primary because of the coastal plain
N. Aleutian Islands, Alaska- Primary because of the earth quakes
O. Florida Gulf Coast- Secondary because of land erosion
P. Texas Gulf Coast- Secondary because of the wave cuts
Q. Myrtle Beach, South Carolina- Secondary because of the landfall
R. Prince William Sound, Alaska- Primary because of the steep glaciers

Analysis Of Results:

1.  Primary cost elements are like materiel costs, personnel costs, energy costs where a corresponding account exists to allow costs to flow. Secondary cost elements are like production costs, material overheads, production overheads, they can be created and administered in only CO.  These are used in internal cost allocation, overhead calculation, settlement transactions. It does not flow to FI.

2. Coasts are divided into two categories: primary coasts, which were created by non-marine processes, and secondary coasts, which were formed by marine action. Primary coasts happen because of changes in the land, such as river deltas or lava flows. Secondary coasts are caused by changes in the ocean, such as the creation of barrier islands or coral reefs.

3. A coastal zone is the interface between the land and water. These zones are important because a majority of the world’s population inhabit such zones. Coastal zones are continually changing because of the dynamic interaction between the oceans and the land.

Station Two:

1. Three distinct types of circulation (highly stratified, weakly stratified, and partially mixed) arise in narrow, shallow estuaries from the finite amplitude of the tide and the interaction of stratification with vertical mixing. Each type has a different dominant process causing the vertical exchange.

2. Estuarine water circulation is controlled by the inflow of rivers, the tides, rainfall and evaporation, the wind, and other oceanic events such as an up swelling, an eddy, and storms. Water circulation patterns are influenced by vertical mixing and satisfaction, and can affect residence time and exposure time.

3.  The energy costs are easily paid because the same factors use the estuary as a nursery area, and may or may not go out to sea. Marine and freshwater fishes from penetrating far into estuaries.

4.  To survive in these conditions, plants and animals living in estuaries must be able to respond quickly to drastic changes in salinity. Many animals that live in estuaries must change their behavior according to the surrounding waters’ salinity in order to survive.

Station Three:

1. Estuaries are important natural places. They provide goods and services that are economically and ecologically indispensable. Often called nurseries of the sea, estuaries provide vital nesting and feeding habitats for many aquatic plants and animals.

2. One reason that estuaries are such productive ecosystems is that the water filtering through them brings in nutrients from the surrounding watershed. A watershed, or drainage basin, is the entire land area that drains into a particular body of water, like a lake, river or estuary.

3. It is necessary to review the various types of estuaries in the study area and their characteristic or unique attributes, and the differences among them. Conservation and management of the various estuarine wetlands requires an understanding of the ecosystem context in which the wetlands occur.

4. More than half of the people in the United States live within 100 miles of the coast, including on the shores of estuaries. And more and more people are moving to these areas. Coastal communities are growing three times fast.

5.  We endanger our estuaries by polluting the water and building on the lands surrounding them. These activities can contribute to unsafe drinking water, and much more.

Conclude And Communicate:

1. How are physical and geological characteristics used to classify the earths dynamics coastlines? Our hypothesis was that both coastlines were going to be very different in there own ways.

4. What major differences are between the west coastlines and the east coastlines? What are the things humans can do to improve out coastlines?

5. The value and importance of this activity was to understand the would we live in better, not only what we live on, but more beyond the surface and understand the bottoms of our oceans and the differences between each coast.

sand

• St. Matrin Simpson Bay- The color of this sand was black, it was not magnetic, it was very small, the texture was angular on the scale it was was sand, sorting was moderate and composition was rock.
• Key West- This sand was a mixture of both black and white, it is not magnetic, it was sum what small, it was moderate sorting, the composition was rico and minneral
• Brazil -This sand was white and brown, it was not magnetic, the size was small the texture was subangular, it was silt, it was well sorted and it was mande of minneral.
• California- This sand was black, it was not magnetic, it is small, it is rounded in texture, it is well sorted and it it made up of minnerals
• St Martin- This sand is black and white there was not magneticy, it is small, hte texture was angular, the sorting was moderate and it is composed of monneral and rock
• Bonaire- This sand is white, it was not magnetic, it was small, the texture was rounded and angular, it was very well sorted and it was composed of minneral
• Maui- This sand was orange, it was magnetic, the sadn was very small, the texture was rounded, it was very well sorted and it was made of minnerals
• Plum Island - This sand was white and orange, it was not magnetic, it was also very small, the texture was angular, it was moderate sorting and it was composed of minneral

Plum Island sand and Key West sand are the sand i liked the best. I think that they are both very different. Plum Island sand is orange and white, small, moderate sorting and made of minneral. Key west sand is small black and white  moderate sorting and it made of rocks and minnerals. These sand had simmalarietes and differences, but they were both very interesting to look at.

Sounding the Sea; A Study in Bathymetric Mapping

Research Question:  How can ocean floor features be measured and mapped using current acoustical technology? How can ocean floor maps be mused in the commercial, military, and or privet sector?

A flat abyssal plain-are sediment-covered portions of the deep ocean floor. With surface slopes of less than one foot of elevation difference for each thousand feet of horizontal distance, they are the flattest areas on Earth.

Underwater seamount or guyot- are volcanos that build up on the ocean floor, sometimes they even reach sea level or above.

Continental shelf-A submerged border of a continent that slopes gradually and extends to a point of steeper descent to the ocean bottom.

Submarine canyon on the continental shelf- they are narrow, steep-sided valleys that come from the continental shelf

Mid-ocean ridge- is an underwater mountain system, that consists of many different types of mountain ranges. They are formed by plate tectonics

Trench and island arc system- this usually occurs when there is volcanic activity when the lithosphere is going into earths interior. 

Analysis Questions:

Analysis Questions

1. Out topography of our surveyed area was mostly within a range of 2 centimeters apart, with bumps and hills as well because that is really how the ocean floor is.

2. When using a remote sensing sonar. It is much easier to find better and more accurate readings and destinations then with out one.

3. Having it stretched out makes it easier so that the numbers are not as close together. It makes things much easier to read.

4. Write two new research questions based on what you have learned from this activity:

• What would be the best way to measure the ocean floor?
• In the future will there be an easier way to study and measure the ocean floor?

5. What is the value and importance of this activity to your study of science

I think that from doing this activity in class we learned alot about the ocean floor and that it is not the easiest thing to study and measure. I think that it taught us that how science really does help us. Without the tools that we have now to help we would never be able to see the ocean floor or know what lies beneath the surface.

https://www.google.com/search?q=trench+and+island+arc+system&espv=210&es_sm=93&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=1F9qUuPMIoSqkAeK2oDoBA&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1366&bih=624

https://www.google.com/search?q=ocean+flooe&oq=ocean+flooe&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.2265j0j8&sourceid=chrome&espv=210&es_sm=93&ie=UTF-8#es_sm=93&espv=210&q=mid+ocean+ridge

https://www.google.com/search?q=ocean+flooe&oq=ocean+flooe&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.2265j0j8&sourceid=chrome&espv=210&es_sm=93&ie=UTF-8#es_sm=93&espv=210&q=continental+shelf 

Dancing of the continents

From doing the activity "Dancing of the Continents" I learned about how the continents have drifted over time and how they came together. The Theory of Continental  Drift discovered by Wegner in 1960, is said that the continents slid on the floor of the ocean. I never knew that that could ever happen until we learned this. I think that this theory does make sense in a way. It would make sense that the continents could slide over the ocean floor because under it us all rock and it would be easy for the continents to crack then begin to slide. The theory of Seafloor Spreading proposed by Hess in 1960 also could have been what happened. He says that molten magma from under the earths crust oozed up between the plates, after a while the magma would cool from the ocean water and become rock. This could have been one of the reasons that our continents could have drifted. The rock over time could have began to crack and cause the plates to slide and make the continents move. The Theory of Plate Tectonics says that the earths crust is broken into six large plates and small ones too. I think that scientist take so much time to try and figure out how the continents actually did move.
 I think that all of the theory's could have been the causing of the continents drifting. I think this because all of them have very interesting things and idea that could possibly be the cause. I do not think that we will ever really know what and or how the continents did drift. I also think that the plates may have drifted because they were old and or broken, and they just decided to break and that is why they drifted. Either of the theory's could have been why. All of them have logical information and details that could have been the cause of continental drift.

Field trip

Oceanography field trip

During the field tirip i learned so much about the ocean that I never knew before. I learned alot about the plankoton. I learned that plankton produce 60-80 % of the oxygen, and also that they can grow up to 6-8 feet wide/tall. The field trip had many interesting things that I found very interesting and exciting. I thought that it was one of the best field trip, it was informational nut exciting and fun at the same time. In the lab with the sea creatures i learned alot about different types of plants and animals that live in the ocean and what they do. One of my favorite parts of the feild trip was the skate, i thought it was a cool creatrure. I also learned that flownders eyes are at the top of their head so that they can see above, they live on the bottom

of the ovean so they do not need to see anything below them.

Molasses Spill

b) your thoughts on the effects of the molasses spill (How should people respond to this? Could this have been prepared for? What should be done next?).

Effects of Molasses Spill:
 In Hawaii's Honalou Harbor, 230,000 gallons of thick molasses spilled into the harbor. The spill contaminated thousands of fish and other living things that are in the ocean. All over the harbor fish were dying and floating all throughout the water. The ocean went from a blue water to a cola brown color not safe for the animals making it not safe for the divers to go down. The molasses made a thick layer on the bottom of the ocean, it also sucks all of the oxygen out of water. All of the living things were hiding but took a turn for the worse and all started to die.

 

No one is to blame for accidents like these that occur in the ocean but there should be more things to be done to prevent it from happening. Cleaning up molasses spills, oil spills etc. are not easy to do. I t takes alot of time and effort and also cost a great deal of money. It is necessary to do so to save the ocean life though. The ocean is a place where many discoveries are made. We need the ocean so cleaning it up after a spill is needed for us and for the animals and creatures living in it as well.  People should want to help clean up when a spill occurs and i think most people would want to help. People everywhere should want to help keep are ocean clean.





https://www.google.com/search?q=molasses+spill+hawaii&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=80c8UpLHBJTJ4APe-YH4Bw&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1366&bih=667&dpr=1

ocean

The ocean is a big part of exploration in todays society and also in the past. For years people have been exploring the ocean and what goes on below the water. The ocean is filled with many different discoveries. People all over the world are interested in what the ocean is really filled up with, yes there has been many discoveries but there is still many things in the ocean that have yet to be discovered
The discoveries of the ocean effect us a lot in todays world. We know of many kinds of animals, plants, accidents that have happened. People explore the ocean and the activity in it everyday trying to find new things to learn about. Without the discoveries of the ocean people today may be scared to or into the ocean, we would be afraid of what lays beneath the blue water. With the discoveries of the ocean, it also invented many kinds of tools that help people navigate through the ocean. The ocean has had many great discoveries and there are many more to come.